What are the components of a split air conditioner, and how. Engineers ashrae handbook, hvac systems and applications, for guidance on. Jan 06, 2017 an air conditioner ac in a room or a car works by collecting hot air from a given space, processing it within itself with the help of a refrigerant and a bunch of coils and then releasing cool air into the same space where the hot air had originally been collected. Whether in homes, offices or vehicles, its purpose is to. The air next passes over a heater, usually electrical, which is energised on instructions from the room thermostat. Pdf performance analysis of an air conditioning system using. The approximate composition of atmospheric air has 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% other gases by volume and 76% nitrogen, 23% oxygen and 1% other gases by weight. It uses evaporation of a refrigerant in a vapour compression cycle to produce cooling. But your air conditioner actually removes warm air and recirculates it as cool air. To be effective, the dash air conditioner must control four 4 conditions within the vehicle. When a hot cup of coffee is set aside for some time, it becomes cold. The mixed air passes through a filter to remove dirt, dust and impurities. Williams service department, york division, borgwarner corporation introduction in recent years air conditioning industry technology has advanced rapidly. Do not expose yourself directly to cold air for a long period to avoid excess cooling.
Air conditioner maintenance and troubleshooting guide clean your air conditioner condensing unit. Design guide for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems. Handbook of air conditioning and refrigeration shan k. Introduction to air conditioning systems cedengineering. Instead of cooling just the small, insulated space inside of a refrigerator, an air conditioner cools a room, a whole house, or an entire business. Guide to hvac design, theory of operation, and primary components. Theory of operation 12 heat transfer how does an air conditioner make the air feel cooler. Air in an air conditioner may be purified or cleaned by filters, air washing, or electricity. Evaporator air flow check to make sure the blend air door is operating check cabin air filter and any intake air restriction usually leaves building up at base of windshield condenser air flow. An air conditioner pulls the heat from the air by transferring the heat in the cabin to the refrigerant gas within the air conditioner. The part of the system in the room, on the left, pulls air first over a cool surface and then over a warming surface.
Theory and applications 7 contents 8 air conditioning 110 8. When the heat that is applied to a substance merely raises its temperature, but does not change its physical state. Air humidity humid air contains water in a vaporous state. Air conditioning system heating and cooling process author. Khurmi a textbook of refrigeration and air conditioning is an aptly written textbooks for the students of mechanical engineering while also a mustread for anyone. The process can also be reversed, the air conditioner.
By performing these functions, the air conditioner maintains the body comfort of the passengers. They are usually made of fibrous material that collects the particles of dust and other foreign matter from the air as it passes through the filter. In a large system there will also be a tangle of tubes to distribute the air and collect it again. To understand how an air conditioner works, first we have to look at some of the physical principles involved.
Theory of air conditioning how air conditioning works governmental regulations system inspection. An air conditioner collects hot air from a given space, processes it within itself with the help of a refrigerant and a bunch of coils and then releases cool air into the same space where the hot air had originally been collected. Review of research on airconditioning systems and indoor air. Provide the reader with a case study on the design and optimisation of an air conditioning ac system. Understand how it works central air conditioning is one of the most convenient and energyefficient ways to get relief from the hot, humid summer weather throughout. Air conditioner working principle in yearround air conditioning system. Heat moves out of the hot 90 c coffee into the cooler 25 c surrounding air.
Above 212f 100c, at sea level air pressure, it exists as steam, which is a gas. An important byproduct of this growth has been development of the heat pump. Airconditioning hvac systems as they relate to energy code. This liquid changes to the gas and evaporates as it extracts heat from the air around it and under low pressure conditions it is converted into liquid again and after entering the normal pressure range it is. An air conditioner is a system or a machine that treats air in a defined, usually enclosed area via a refrigeration cycle in which warm air is removed and replaced with cooler air.
Thermodynamic system thermodynamic functions thermodynamic properties fundamental laws of. Air conditioner simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Air conditioners use chemicals that easily convert from a gas to a liquid and back again. In this article, you will learn the air conditioner.
Pdf experimental study of split air conditioner with and without. Thermal comfort is affected by many factors, which mainly include air temperature, air humidity, air velocity, mean radiant temperature, human clothing, and. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant, like freon, to provide cooling. Figure the latent heat of vaporization that water vapor stores is released when the vapor condenses to a liquid. In food retailing establishments large open chiller cabinets act as highly effective air dehumidifying units. How air conditioning works the essential ingredients in an air conditioning system are a fan to blow air around, a cold surface to cool and dehumidify the air, a warm surface and a source of water vapour. Muhammad sohaib alam contents page number abstract 1 objective 1 theory 1. Working principle of air conditioner, animation by ocs. Refer to american society of heating, refrigerating and air conditioning. The principles of hvac design include the basic theory of system operation and the factors that determine the size and capacity of the equipment installed in. A specific type of air conditioner that is used only for dehumidifying is called a dehumidifier. Fundamentals of hvac controls course content fundamentals of hvac controls the application of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning hvac controls starts with an understanding of the building and the use of the spaces to be conditioned and controlled. Carrier air conditioner owners manual pdf download.
The types of filters that can be used consist of permanent or throwaway. Air conditioners and refrigerators work the same way. The condition of the air is characterised by temperature, pressure and humidity. The comfort air conditioner is designed to create a 40% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space. Give an overview of the historical development of the heating and ventilation system and introduction of the air conditioning ac system. Air conditioning and air conditioner working principle. Air conditioning theory heat measurement three types of heat sensible heat. Download ebooks for free from engineering study material site. Refrigeration may be defined as a process of removing heat from a substance and pumping it to the surroundings. Automotive air conditioning system theory freeautomechanic.
Do not touch the outdoor unit during lightning, it may cause electric shock. In time the coffee will reach the temperature of the surrounding air. In this, the outside air flows through the damper and mixed with the recirculated air. Proper air flow through evaporator and condenser is critical for proper cooling. It is the heat which, added to or subtracted from a substance. Water is a common material that can exist in all three states. Rooms typically have several complete air changes per hour. Indoor air environment indoor air environments must meet the requirement of thermal comfort and iaq. Below table provides you pdf air conditioning and refrigeration book by r. Air conditioning and refrigeration notes free pdf download. Air conditioning and refrigeration books free download. An central air conditioning system includes both the cooling and heating of air and cleans the air as well as controls the moisture level.
Overview of air conditioner inverter 1984 first inverter type room air conditioner is launched 1990 joint research with osaka prefecture university begins for development of new dc. View and download carrier air conditioner owners manual online. In this course of refrigeration and air conditioning, you will find all the important topics related to refrigeration and air conditioning. Pdf air conditioning system heating and cooling process. A marine air conditioner then transfers the heat from the refrigerant gas to the sea water. Pdf textbook of refrigeration and air conditioning by r. An air conditioner ac in a room or a car works by collecting hot air from a given space, processing it within itself with the help of a refrigerant. The principle behind air conditioning is the movement of heat. Desiccantbased air conditioning systems replace part of the refrigeration by using. Go outside and clean your condensing unit off with a garden hose for about two 2 minutes or until any debris washed off.
Jan 08, 20 this video describes the working principle of an air conditioner. This video describes the working principle of an air conditioner. This is the building system that regulates the inside temperature of the building and, in some systems, the air quality as well. Everything you see, touch, taste, smell or hear has a certain amount of heat. It is intended to maintain invehicle temperature and humidity within a range that is comfortable for the people inside and provide fresh, clean air. Warning in this section we are going to discuss the thermal heat pump theory and air conditioner so if you are not a geek please leave in order to better understand how the heat pump works you might want to know about heat pump theory and air conditioner theory. Download air conditioning and refrigeration books of various titles, authors and publications for free in pdf format air conditioning is a process used to pull out heat from inside of a closed space, to improve the comfort of the living beings inside. This is an introduction to air conditioning systems frequently referred to as hvac systems heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems.
During air conditioning, the outside air brought into a space or the recirculating air within a space should be filtered. I will start this air conditioning basics tutorial on a very simple and nontechnical level with laymans terms, and then discuss technical details later. Browse and download air conditioning and refrigeration books of various titles, written by many authors and published by a number of publications for free in pdf format. Designed to present theory as a functional aspect, this air conditioning and refrigeration curriculum guide is comprised of nine units of instruction. Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial environments. Welcome to the nptel course on refrigeration and air conditioning. Download textbook of refrigeration and air conditioning by r. Download air conditioning and refrigeration books pdf. Do not sit or step on the unit, you may fall down accidentally. This is known as the law of heat transfer, and is the basis of air conditioning operation. Air conditioner air conditioner pdf manual download. Air conditioning often referred to as ac, ac, or air con is the process of removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied space to improve the comfort of occupants. Hvac stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.
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